Propeller.



JAlvrEs- LBERTIRVING; `OFYNEW. YORK, N. Y.

To'llwlzom t may c 0nmm p 'Bef it known thatfI, JAMES lvA.- IRVING, a "jcitizen' of the 'United'States,v and a resident Aof the ei-ty of New-York, borough 'of Manhatt'angfn theetnliity arid'State of New Yfvjrk,l have invented a newa'nl Improved "-PropellerQof Vwhich the"following is a full, vclear, andexactdescription. M'y'- `iifwention relates to propellers, and

-. more particlarly toaer'oplane propellers.

ff "Y Experiments have shownthatthere is dis- '.tortionitvhen eilttinga thread in a solid sub- St nee otgreat resistibility," Whena thread tinis`r analog'iis to 'the distu'rbing'ot the air.

Investigators of by, a .rotating nrepellef'- "faerialpropellers' zojjthatft PROPELLER.

Y yspecification of Letters Patent. i -v 'Application filed February 4, 1911. Serial No; 6065516.

, 'njfsi'leli' anelastiofmediiim as air, '"y which lias littlel normalfresistibility; this dlsi 'tation' of "one, blad identical.

My. propeller has been so designednot"A ratenteApJa,191a.

, rotating movement', and'is really amo'dilied cyclone as the actionA and eii'ect'a're almost only 'to dSturb'the air' as llittle 'as' possible,

and therebyobta-in the`r` greatest eiiioie'noy, but the blades are adjustable relatively to eachother and' to the'hub, to permit l'ot a ready adjustment of the Abladesv ivith'refer ence to the Weight, theresisting surfa'oe`,

and the frictional surfaces of thel aeroplane,'

. 165` Additional objects *ofV the invention will i and the normal speed of the engine.

appear inthe/following omplete'L sp'eoitioation, which the preferred formof my in# vention is diseloseofl.` iV,

In .the drawings,l similar-"eharactersotY ref-` the'vievvs, in which?" yFigure 1 is a rear yView 'of my'prpeller; Fig. 2 is a plan vienY of Fig. 1, partiallyin sectior'r; Fig. Sisa transverse sect'llQlallfvieW Y showing 'the-other yside member and 'the-inanf nergof securing yto' the;shank.;` a.

"sideelevat'ion 'showing' ne ofthe liiib 'erenee indicate orresponding "all members 14 on the other hub member-,ltd

grip4 the Shanks 15'on which the-propeller blades 16 and 17 are mounted. f As willreadily be understood by referring to the draw-V ings, the bearingrmembers are so disposed .relatively to the axis vof the hub, that the Shanks will be disposed at anl `angle yto Yeach other, and 'obliquely relatively 'to the angular openings 23 is provided, the angularheads 20 being normally disposedin the an# gular openings 23, theface plate 22 being secured tothe hub ,member 11, by means of Screws 24. Two of the propeller blades re- -ferred to are mounted on'each of the Shanks 15, one `beingdisposed at each side of the hub. These propeller blades are constructed 'P by providing side -members '25, which are bolted-to opposite sides of the shank 15, as

shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings, the

peripheries of these side members 25 being A secured together at 26, by any preferred l means.A

As will be seen by referring to Figs. 2

i and 7 of the drawings, the propeller blades .'16 are considerably larger than the propeller blades 17, and these blades 1 6 are preferably the leading blades; that is, I prefer to have them-extend in a direction in advance of the hub, the shorterpropeller blades 1'7 extending rearwardly of the hub. It will readily be understood' that by removing the.

, face plate 22,'andunscrewing the screw members19, the Shanks 15 maybe rotated as may be desired to secure the desired pitch' for the propeller blades, and that the Shanks 15- may also be shifted longitudinally to position the propeller blades at predetermined distances from the hub. Each of the Shanks 15 is divided by marks 15, which may be referred to in obtaining the desired adjust-- ment. lThe arrangement of one forwardly Aextending set of propeller blades in combiv nation .with one rearwardly extending set' of similar-blades, tends to prevent a: vacuum forming around the hub of the propeller,

i and thereby, removes 'undesirable suction.

In Figs'. 8 and 9 I have shown adivided shank consisting of a tubular lmember 15b having longitudinal slots 15, the shank member 15d being disposed inthel .tubular 'member 15". When the tubular member 15b is gripped by the bearing memberlt it will press 'against the shank member 15r1 and holdthe tubular -member 15b relativelyto the shank member 15d. With this construction the blades 17 may be disposed at any --predeterminedangle with relation to the `blades 16.

n, Wins@ .undestod that the Smaller or innerblade's 17 'may be set to a'much greater pitch than the'larger leading blades 17 and that the' diameter of the larger blades 16k may be expanded as desired. When the positions of the blades y16 are not changed relatively to the positions of the blades`17,

`lanyincrease in the pitch of one set of blades will -reduce the pitch of the other ,set'of l blades.r The adjustability of the propeller permits of the balancing and the setting of Athe 4blades of' the propeller at the desired.

pitch formed to produce the best results,

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new anddesire to secure `by Letters f Patent 1. In apropeller a hub, two shanks, four,

propeller blades one ofthe propeller'blades being mounted on each end of each of the Shanks, the propeller blades being spaced from the hub so that one of the blades on each of the shanks will rotate ata distance from the hub greater than thatatwhich the other propeller blades will rotate, andmeans for holding the Shanks in'4 position relatively .to the hub. s' .Y

2. In' a propeller a hub a shank .adaptedto move laterally relatively ,to the hub,

means for securing the shank relatively to;

the hub, and two propeller blades mounted on the shank, one at each side of the hub'.

3. In a propeller a hub, a shank adapted,

to move `laterally lrelatively to the hub,

meansfor securing thesliank to the hub,`

at each 'side of the hub.

4. In a propeller a hub, a shank'extending obliquely relatively to the axis of the hub, and adapted to move laterally relatively to the hub,means for securing the shank to the hub in any one of a plurality of 'ositions, and two propeller blades secured shank, one at each sideof the hub. r

5..In a propeller a hub, two Shanks disposed at an angle to each other, each Shank4 extending obliquely relatively tothe axis of the hub, and secured to the hub, and 'two propeller blades mounted on each of the Shanks, lone at each side of the hub respeci tively.

,6. -In a propeller a-hubacomposed of two members, with threaded orifices, 'a shank disposed between the hub members, and nor- A mally` gripped thereby,.a screw member having an angular'head normally meshing in the. threaded orifices for holding the two and two propeller blades disposed at an aln-r l gle to each other mounted on the shank, one

to the i head members together, a plate having an 1 A. angular opemngin which the head is normallyV disposed,l secured to one ofthe hub Y members, and a propeller blade mounted on the shank.

.7. In a propeller ahub, two Shanks dis-.

posed at an angle to each other and one `obliquely relatively to the axis of the hub, each of the Shanks-being adapted to move' laterally relatively to the hub, means for securing the shanlrs relativelyv to the hub, and propeller blades secured to the Shanks.

8. In a propeller, a hub composed of two members, a divided shank eonsisting'ot two telescopic` members disposed `between the hub members means for pressing the hub members against the shank, and propeller.

blades mounted on the membersv of the shank,

9; In a propellera hubv and twov propeller blades secured to the hub, both for forward propulsion, one of the blades extending for! aff forwardly; the other blade extending rearl wardly and having a pitch greater than the forwardly extending blade.

l1. In a propeller a hub and two propeller blades secured to the hub, one of the blades beinglonger than the other and extending forwardly, the other blade extending rearwardly.' p

l2. In'a propeller a hub, two propeller blades both for forward propulsion, one of the blades extending forwardly and the other blade extending rearwardly, the blades being adjustable on their axes relatively to the hub, and means for securing the'blades tothe hub in' adjnstedpositions.

y In testimony. whereof I have vsigned myl name to this specification in the presence ot two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES ALBERT IRVING.

Witnesses:

lib/ERARD B.l MARSHALL, PHILIP D. ROLLHAUS. 

